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Nutrition and Economic Development in the Eighteenth-Century Habsburg Monarchy
John Komlos
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Sozialwissenschaften, Recht, Wirtschaft / Wirtschaft
Beschreibung
John Komlos examines the industrial expansion of Austria from a fresh viewpoint and develops a new model for the industrial revolution. By integrating recent advances in the study of human biology and nutrition as they relate to physical stature, population growth, and levels of economic development, he reveals an intense Malthusian crisis in the Habsburg lands during the second half of the eighteenth century. At that time food shortages brought about by the accelerated population growth of the 1730s forced the government to adopt a reform program that opened the way for the beginning of the industrial revolution in Austria and in the Czech Crownlands. Comparing this "Austrian model" of economic growth to the industrial revolution in Britain, Komlos argues that the model is general enough to explain demographic and economic growth elsewhere in Europe--despite obvious regional differences. The main feature of the model is the interplay between a persistent, even if small, tendency to accumulate capital and a population with an underlying tendency to grow in numbers while remaining subject to Malthusian checks, particularly a limited availability of food. According to Komlos, modern economic growth in Europe began when the food constraint was finally lifted.
Originally published in 1989.
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Growth curve (biology), Income elasticity of demand, Industrial Revolution, Saving, Economy and Society, Nobility, Population growth, East-Central Europe, Moses Abramovitz, Real income, Alexander Gerschenkron, Economic policy, Friedrich Engels, Demographic history, Human height, Mortality rate, Demography, Economica, Anthropometry, Economics, Malnutrition, Business cycle, Malthusian trap, Pre-industrial society, Infant mortality, Capitalism, United States Department of Agriculture, Joseph Schumpeter, Economic history, Birth weight, Income, Presses Universitaires de France, Industrialisation, Ifood (isotopic food), Thomas Robert Malthus, Nutrient, Value and Capital, Economic development, Income distribution, Early modern Europe, Economic growth, German Historical School, Political economy, Development economics, Economic indicator, Fertility, Production function, Demographic transition, Life expectancy, Lower Austria, Subsistence crisis, Harvard University Press, 19th century, Birth rate, Cambridge University Press, Menarche, Socioeconomic status, Standard of living, Malthusian catastrophe, Gerald Friedman (economist), Nutrition, Economy, Econometrics, Population dynamics, Capital accumulation, Supply (economics), Principles (retailer), Measures of national income and output, Proto-industrialization, World Health Organization