Leseprobe
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Theoretical Studies on Sex Ratio Evolution
Samuel Karlin, Sabin Lessard
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Naturwissenschaften, Medizin, Informatik, Technik / ÷kologie
Beschreibung
This book deals with a key area of population genetics: the ratio of the sexes in a population, or the allocation of resources to male versus female reproductive function. Samuel Karlin and Sabin Lessard establish the formal theoretical aspects of the evolution of sex ratio within the constraints of genetic mechanisms of sex determination. Their results generalize and unify existing work on the topic, strengthening previous conceptions in some cases and, in other instances, offering new directions of research.
There are two main approaches to understanding the causes and effects of sex ratio. One approach focuses on the optimization and adaptive functions of sex allocation, while the other emphasizes the consequences of genetic sex determination mechanisms. In discussing the utility of these two approaches, Professors Karlin and Lessard examine the principal sex-determining mechanisms and facts involved in sex ratio representations, the various genetic and environmental factors that contribute to adaptive sex expression, and the evolution of sex determining systems and controls. From a population genetic perspective, the authors derive evolutionary properties in support of the high incidence of 1:1 sex ratio in natural populations and investigate the conditions that can explain the occurrence of biased sex ratio.
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Environmental sex determination, Evolutionary biology, Allele frequency, Chromosomal rearrangement, Linkage disequilibrium, Evolutionary dynamics, Genotype frequency, Arrhenotoky, Selection coefficient, Blending inheritance, Inbreeding, Mating type, Zygote, Heterozygote advantage, Y chromosome, Asexual reproduction, Sex-determination system, Genetic linkage, Heterogametic sex, Sexual selection, Sex reversal, Dosage compensation, Mutation–selection balance, Genotype, Reciprocal cross, Sexual differentiation, Meiotic drive, Frequency-dependent selection, Allosome, Allele, Coefficient of relationship, X chromosome, Sexual dimorphism, Mating, Poisson distribution, Mendelian inheritance, Polygene, Haplodiploidy, Meiosis, W. D. Hamilton, Parthenogenesis, Mate choice, Sex allocation, Polymorphism (biology), XY sex-determination system, Evolution of sexual reproduction, Order statistic, Sex linkage, Fitness (biology), Assortative mating, Kin selection, Mixed mating systems, Group selection, Parental investment, Fisher's principle, Reproductive success, Reproductive value (population genetics), Correlation and dependence, Maternal effect, Homologous recombination, Sex ratio, Phenotype, Quantitative trait locus, Directional selection, Population genetics, Homologous chromosome, Sex, Hermaphrodite, Evolution, Sampling (statistics)